Which term denotes sanctions for illegal acts in construction?

• A. Criminal Law
• B. Legislation
• C. Breach of Statutory Duty
• D. Law of restitution

Answer: (A)

Criminal law defines what conduct is illegal and prescribes penalties for those offences. In construction, illegal acts such as safety violations, fraud, or taking bribes are prosecuted under criminal law, which imposes sanctions like fines or imprisonment. Legislation is the broader system of laws created by lawmakers and provides the rules, but the punishments for criminal acts come from criminal law. A breach of statutory duty refers to failing to meet a statute’s requirement and can carry penalties under a specific statute, but it isn’t the general term for sanctions for illegal acts. The law of restitution deals with restoring losses to victims and does not establish penalties for crime. Therefore, the term that denotes sanctions for illegal acts in construction is criminal law.